Metal Bending: A Close-Up Look at Sheet Metal Fabrication

1. V-Bending: The most common bending technique, using a V-shaped die to create an angle in a metal sheet. The shape of the die determines the bend angle.

2. U-Bending: Similar to V-bending, but a U-shaped die is used, often for creating wider bends or channels.

3. Air Bending: This method uses a punch and die without fully contacting the metal sheet. The bend angle is controlled by the depth of the punch.

4. Bottoming: In this technique, the punch fully presses the metal sheet into the die, ensuring contact with the bottom of the die for precise bend angles.

5. Coining: A high-precision bending technique that uses high pressure to force the metal sheet into the die, creating very accurate angles and shapes.

6. Rotary Bending: Uses rotating dies to bend metal, reducing surface scratches and damage to the material.

7. Roll Bending: Involves bending metal sheets or bars using a series of rollers, often used for creating large-radius bends or cylindrical parts.

8. Wipe Bending: In this technique, one side of the metal sheet is held stationary while the other side is pushed by a die to form the bend.

9. Joggling: A specialized bending technique used to create an offset or step-like bend in a metal sheet.

10. Hemming: This technique involves folding the edge of a metal sheet back onto itself, often used to strengthen the edge or create a smooth finish.